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SURMOUNT-CN: Tirzepatide in Chinese Adults

Last verified May 2026 · Phase 3 · Finished; headline results published August 2024 · NCT05024032

By Ruth Calder · Enforcement Editor
Editorially reviewed & fact-checked against primary sources · How we verify contentLast reviewed

Most of what is known about these drugs comes from trials in which participants were predominantly white and predominantly American or European, with mean baseline weights around 100 kg. Chinese populations develop metabolic disease at lower BMI thresholds, which means both the eligibility criteria and the expected response may differ. SURMOUNT-CN is a smaller trial than the main program and was designed to support regional approval, but it addresses a gap that the larger trials structurally cannot.

Enrollment
210
Duration
52 weeks of weekly injections plus standard safety follow-up
Drug
Tirzepatide
Population
Chinese adults 18 and over with a BMI of 28 or more — or 24 or more if a weight-related condition came with it, meaning high blood pressure, abnormal cholesterol, sleep apnea, heart disease or fatty liver. Type 2 diabetes was an exclusion. 210 people were randomized across 29 centers in China between September 2021 and December 2022, split roughly evenly by sex, averaging 36 years old, 91.8 kg and a BMI of 32.3. ★ 95.7% finished the full year, an unusually high completion rate.

Primary endpoint

How much body weight came off over 52 weeks, and how many lost at least 5%

Treatment arm

15 mg: −17.5% (95% CI −19.7 to −15.3); 10 mg: −13.6% (95% CI −15.8 to −11.4)

Comparator

Placebo: −2.3%

Treatment difference: 15 mg vs placebo: −15.1 percentage points (95% CI −18.2 to −12.1; P<0.001); 10 mg vs placebo: −11.3 percentage points (95% CI −14.3 to −8.3; P<0.001)

★ Nearly nine in ten cleared 5% on either dose, against under a third on placebo. The 17.5% at the top dose comes close to the 20.9% the multinational trial reported — from a leaner starting point, at a BMI of 32.3 against 38.0, and over 20 fewer weeks.

Secondary endpoints

EndpointTreatmentComparatorDifference
Lost at least a tenth of body weight

Three quarters at the top dose — the threshold where sleep apnea, fatty liver and blood sugar tend to improve.

15 mg: 77.5%; 10 mg: 64.4%Placebo: 9.5%P<0.001 for both tirzepatide doses vs placebo
Lost at least 15%

A clear majority at the top dose reached the band that starts to overlap sleeve gastrectomy at one year.

15 mg: 60.6%; 10 mg: 42.5%Placebo: 2.4%P<0.001 for both tirzepatide doses vs placebo
Lost at least a fifth

⚠ Read the placebo column: not one person on placebo got here, against nearly half at the top dose. That is about as stark as a comparison gets.

15 mg: 43.7%; 10 mg: 22.6%Placebo: 0%P<0.001 for both tirzepatide doses vs placebo
Weight lost in kilograms

★ The row most likely to be misread. 15.9 kg looks small against the 23.6 kg the multinational trial reported — but participants here started 13 kg lighter. As a percentage the two are much closer, and percentage is what matters clinically.

15 mg: −15.9 kg; 10 mg: −12.6 kgPlacebo: −2.1 kgTreatment difference at 15 mg: −13.8 kg vs placebo
Inches off the waist

About 13 cm at the top dose, similar to the multinational trials, and especially relevant in a population where fat around the middle drives risk at lower body weights.

15 mg: −13.1 cm; 10 mg: −10.7 cmPlacebo: −2.7 cmTreatment difference at 15 mg: −10.4 cm vs placebo
Top blood-pressure number

Down 5 to 6 points, roughly what adding a low-dose blood-pressure tablet achieves.

15 mg: −6.5 mmHg; 10 mg: −5.4 mmHgPlacebo: −0.2 mmHgTreatment difference at 15 mg: −6.3 mmHg vs placebo
Three-month average blood sugar

⚠ Nobody here had diabetes, so this moves within the normal-to-prediabetic band rather than treating anything.

15 mg: −0.46%; 10 mg: −0.45%Placebo: −0.05%Treatment difference at 15 mg: −0.41 percentage points vs placebo
Fasting insulin level

Down more than 40%. This is the clearest indication in the table that insulin resistance improved rather than just weight falling.

15 mg: −45.5%; 10 mg: −41.0%Placebo: −5.5%Treatment difference at 15 mg: −40.0 percentage points vs placebo
Triglycerides, a blood fat

Down about a quarter against 3% on placebo.

15 mg: −26.3%; 10 mg: −22.7%Placebo: −3.4%Treatment difference at 15 mg: −22.9 percentage points vs placebo
Non-HDL cholesterol, which captures all the artery-damaging fractions

⚠ A 6% reduction — real but small. Nothing in this class replaces a statin for someone who needs one.

15 mg: −5.9%; 10 mg: −6.6%Placebo: −0.5%

Adverse events

EventTreatment rateComparator rate
Nausea

The leading complaint, mostly mild to moderate, and bunched into the weeks when the dose was rising. Overall stomach-and-bowel rates looked like the multinational trials.

15 mg: 32.4%; 10 mg: 22.9%Placebo: 13.0%
Diarrhea

Second most common, and usually passing.

15 mg: 22.5%; 10 mg: 21.4%Placebo: 14.5%
Loss of appetite

Logged as a side effect by convention, though it is how the drug works rather than something going wrong.

15 mg: 19.7%; 10 mg: 17.1%Placebo: 2.9%
Constipation

About 14% on either dose against 4% on placebo.

15 mg: 14.1%; 10 mg: 14.3%Placebo: 4.3%
Vomiting

Rose with the dose, from about 9% to about 13%.

15 mg: 12.7%; 10 mg: 8.6%Placebo: 2.9%
Bloating

Roughly three times the placebo rate, and minor.

15 mg: 8.5%; 10 mg: 8.6%Placebo: 2.9%
Stopped the drug over a side effect

★ Under 5%, close to placebo, in a trial where 95.7% of everyone enrolled completed the full 52 weeks. High tolerability, not just high efficacy.

Tirzepatide arms pooled: <5%Placebo: comparable low rate
Serious adverse events of any kind

No excess over placebo, and no deaths during the year of treatment.

15 mg: 5.6%; 10 mg: 4.3%Placebo: 4.3%

Clinical significance

The result is broadly consistent with SURMOUNT-1 in direction and magnitude, which supports generalizing the drug's effect across populations. ⚠ At 210 participants it is small, and one regional trial does not settle generalizability across every population that was underrepresented in the pivotal work — which remains a real limitation of the evidence base for this whole class rather than a criticism of this trial.

Who sells tirzepatide, and for how much

This trial tested Tirzepatide. Across the 556 sellers on this register, 253 publish a standing monthly cash price for compounded tirzepatide, from $99 a month, with a median of $240.

⛔ None of those sellers was in this trial. A compounded preparation is not the product studied here: no agency has reviewed that specific preparation for safety, effectiveness or manufacturing quality, and its concentration is set by whichever pharmacy filled it. The result above is the strongest evidence available for tirzepatide and it was generated on something else. Every seller, with its price record.

Frequently Asked Questions

References

  1. 1.Zhao L, Cheng Z, Lu Y, Liu M, Chen H, Zhang M, Wang R, Yuan Y, Li X. Tirzepatide for Weight Reduction in Chinese Adults With Obesity: The SURMOUNT-CN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2024. PMID: 38819983.
  2. 2.U.S. National Library of Medicine. A Study of Tirzepatide (LY3298176) in Participants With Obesity or Overweight in China (SURMOUNT-CN) — Study Record. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05024032. 2024. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05024032
  3. 3.WHO Expert Consultation. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet. 2004. PMID: 14726171.
  4. 4.Zhou BF; Cooperative Meta-Analysis Group of the Working Group on Obesity in China. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults — study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2002. PMID: 12046553.
  5. 5.Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, et al.; SURMOUNT-1 Investigators. Tirzepatide Once Weekly for the Treatment of Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2022. PMID: 35658024.
  6. 6.Mu Y, Bao X, Eliaschewitz FG, et al.; STEP 7 Study Group. Efficacy and safety of once weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight management in a predominantly east Asian population with overweight or obesity (STEP 7): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024. PMID: 38330988.
  7. 7.Gao L, Lee BW, Chawla M, et al. Tirzepatide versus insulin glargine as second-line or third-line therapy in type 2 diabetes in the Asia-Pacific region: the SURPASS-AP-Combo trial. Nat Med. 2023. PMID: 37231074.

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